英语六级考试技巧大总结
如何做阅读
1.首先到现在为止,词汇量对于阅读应该影响不太大了,因为读不懂可以用我讲的词根来猜.
2.提高阅读能力是个终身的问题,最后这个阶段所想提高太大很难,所以重点应放在找答案上做题的能力,因为这种能力是可以提高的
3,你在上课的会发现老师讲繁难的举例可以略过,这道题考的就是主题等,你当时是不是觉得太有道理了如果不选老师讲的答案就得自杀而课后自已做时却难得不得了,不要认为老师讲方法是马后炮,其实你平时做不出就是方法问题,所谓不读或略读其实是让你速读过去,在读的时候有所偏重而已,所以要认真按老师的方法去做,理会他的方法
4.但有的同学说做后答案都记忆住了,如何在做,我的体会是这样的,第一次按时间做 第二次,精读,第三次不做题只是在分析文章分析老师的讲课思路,这一点很重要!
文章分为启承转合四个部分，面启是指开头 承是指展开论述，转是指一个让步可转折，因为对任事都不可能完全否定或完全支持。合是结束语 而文章分为新老观点对比型，首段结论型，问题解决型，设问及其回答 。那新老观点对比型主题应出现在一段未可二段开头，否则就没有篇展开论述了 而首段结论型主题在第一段，那么第一段是必读第二段开头是必读的，在文章结束时三句话必然是合的部分，而往往会有考题，一般有一道题，所经以结束前三名话必读，其佘各段只读首句一般就够了，而对于做题时，在未读文章前就应该将各题的关键词画出来，还有文章的出题顺序与原文的出题顺序大致相同，找答案时按题索原文章就可以了！
1)在英语学习中，我们自然会遇到许多生词。这时，许多人立即翻阅字典，查找词义。 其实，这种做法是不科学的。它不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度。事实上，阅读材 料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落有着互相制约的关系。我们可以利用语 境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。猜测词义时，可利用以下线索：
一 针对性解释
针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或 词汇等所作的解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性，利用它们猜词义比较容易。
1． 根据定义猜测词义
如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。
例如：
anthropology is the scientific study of man.
由定义可知，anthropology就是“研究人类的科学”。
In slang the term "jam" constitutes a state of being in which a person
finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.
同样，从上下文的定义可知jam一词在俚语中的意思是“困境”。
定义句的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to,
be called, be known as, define, represent, signify, constitute等。
2．根据复述猜测词义
虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。 复述部分可以适当词、短语或是从句。
同位语
Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to
speak and read intelligently.
此例逗号中短语意为“对词意义进行研究的学科”。该短语与前面生词semanties式同位关系，因此我们不难猜出semanties指“语义学”。
在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分 号，引号，和括号等。
Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.
由同位语我们很快猜出生词capacitance词义---电容量。需要注意的是：同位语前还常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other,say i. e. 等副词或短语出现。
定语从句
Krabacber suffers from SAD, which is short for seasonal affective disorder,
大学英语四六级猜词技巧解读(2)
a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings.
根据生词SAD后面定语从句which is short for seasonal affective disorder和同位
语a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings, 我们可以推断出SAD含义，即“季节性情绪紊乱症”。
根据举例猜测词义
恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索，
例如：
The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific
discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in
the past.
句中“战争”和“重大科学发现”是生词的实例，通过它们我们可以猜出epochal的 大致词义“重要的”，这与其确切含义“划时代的”十分接近。
二 内在逻辑关系
根据内在逻辑关系推测词义是指运用语言知识分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系,然后根据逻辑关系推断生词词义或大致义域。
1． 根据对比关系猜测词义
在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，我们可以根据生词或难词的反义词猜测其词义。
例如：
Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast,
is quite humble and modest.
该例中supercilious对许多人来说可能是个生词，但是句中短语in contrast，（相对照的，相对比的）可以提示我们supercilious和后面词组humble and modest（谦卑又谦虚）是对比关系。分析出这种关系后，我们便能猜出supercilious意为“目空一切的，傲慢的”。
表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要是unlike，not，but，however，despite，in spite of，in contrast 和while 引导的并列句等。
A good supervisor can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones.
该句中并未出现上面提到的表示对比关系的词或短语，但是通过上下文可以判断出句子前后是对比关系，即把熟练工人与非熟练工人区分开。这时我们也能够推断出生词adept的词义，“熟练的”。
2． 根据比较关系猜测词义
同对比关系相反，比较关系表示意义上的相似关系，
例如：
Green loves to talk，and his brothers are similarly loquacious.
该句中副词similarly表明短语loves to talk与生词loquacious之间的比较关系。以此可以推断出loquacious词义为“健谈的”。
大学英语四六级猜词技巧解读(3)
表示比较关系的词和短语主要是similarly，like，just as，also等。
3． 根据因果关系猜测词义
在句子或段落种，若两个事物、现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推知生词词义。
例如：
Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions
without seeking the opinions of others.
根据原因状语从句的内容，我们可以推断出生词autocratic指“独断专行的”。
There were so many demonstrators in the Red Square that he had to elbow his
way through the crowd.
此句为结果状语从句，根据从句的描书“许多示威者”，我们便可推知elbow的词意“挤，挤过”。
4． 根据同义词的替代关系猜测词义
在句子或段落种，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境推断生词词义。
例如：
Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt was never able to steal
money from a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank,
and he did not want to jeopardize his future.
作者为避免重复使用endanger一词，用其同义词jeopardize来替代它，由此推知其词义为“使. . . 陷入危险，危及、危害”。
Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. They
also regard drinking as harmful.
句中detrimental四个生词，但判断出harmful替代detrimental后，不难推断出其词义为“不利的，有害的”。
三 外部相关因素
外部相关因素是指篇章(句子或段落)以外的其他知识。有时仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系无法猜出词义。这时,就需要运用生活经验和普通常识确定词义。例如：
Husband：it‘s really cold out tonight.
Wife: Sure it is. My hands are practically numb.
How about lighting the furnace?
根据生活经验，天气寒冷时，手肯定是“冻僵的，冻得麻木的”。
The snake slithered through the grass.
根据有关蛇的生活习性的知识，我们可以推断出slither词义为“爬行”。
在猜测词义过程中，除了使用上面提到的一些技巧，我们还可以依靠构词方面的知识，从生词本身猜测词义。
1． 根据前缀猜测词义
例如：
He fell into a ditch and lay there, semiconscious, for a few minutes.
根据词根conscious（清醒的，有意识的），结合前缀semi（半，部分的，不完全的）， 我们便可猜出semiconscious词义“半清醒的，半昏迷的”。
I‘m illiterate about such things.
词根literate意为“有文化修养的，通晓的”，前缀il表示否定，因此illiterate指“一窍不通，不知道的”。
2． 根据后缀猜测词义
例如：
Insecticide is applied where it is needed.
后缀cide表示“杀者，杀灭剂”，结合大家熟悉的词根insect（昆虫），不难猜出insecticide意为“杀虫剂”。
Then the vapor may change into droplets.
后缀let表示“小的”，词根drop指“滴，滴状物”。将两个意思结合起来，便可推断出droplet词义“小滴，微滴”。
3．根据复合词的各部分猜测词义
例如：
Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output.
Hightlight或许是一个生词，但是分析该词结构后，就能推测出其含义。它是由high
（高的，强的）和light（光线）两部分组成，合在一起便是“以强光照射，使突出”
的意思。
Bullfight is very popular in Spain.
Bull（公牛）和fight（打，搏斗）结合在一起，指一种在西班牙颇为流行的体育运
动---斗牛。
综上所述，利用各种已知信息推测、判断词义是一项重要的阅读技巧。在实践中，我 们可以灵活运用，综合运用上面提到的几种猜测技巧，排除生词的障碍，顺利理解文章的思想内容，提高阅读速度。
阅读必备千词
spirit, decline, climate, lend to, accuse, afford, anxiety, atmosphere, blame, bargain, calculate, circle, confidence, conscious, convince, custom, desperate, encourage, discourage, economic, economy, motive, promote, emotional, motion, fail to, flat, install, intimate, limit, major, no matter, neutral, outlet, perform, inform, formal, normal, radiate, authority,
companion, concept, create, creature, dentist, identify, identical, identity, engage, entitle, evaluate, fluid, influence, fortune, fulfill, general, intense, interpret, justice, adjust, judge, minor, observe, deserve, preserve, parallel, percept, stuff, surroundings, transport, transmit, transform, undergo, wander, wonder, widespread, ambition, approach, brief, conquer, result, consult, insult,
deliberate, despair, compare, emergence, emergency, establish, exhaust, expand, fade, frustrate, handy, incredible, inherit, conference, infer, offer, interfere, length, manufacture, mood, necessity, noble, occasion, occasional, output, oversea, pattern, plunge, practice, practical, recognize, release, rescue, maintain, remain, obtain, entertain, rural, urban, similar to, trial, trail, witness, absolute,
accumulate, in advance, advanced, advantage, agent, appeal, application, point, appoint, approximate, barrier, claim, climate, complicate, comprise, considerable, resume, consume, assume, contact, convict, crew, crucial, define, definite, deliver, disaster, disorder, diverse, economic, alert, exert, facility, faith, faithful, gap, sympathy, trace, track, visual, vision, worship, apparatus, brand, civil, clarity,
declare, combine, connect, consider, insert, desert, drown, external, frank, press, impress, pressure, depress, express, indispensable, inspect, respect, prospect, perspective, peculiar, particular, likely, inquire, require, acquire, request, result , consult, insult, spray, announce, pronounce, apparent, boundary, frontier, crash, debate, decrease, increase, reduce, include, conclude, exclude, federal,
firm, forecast, foresee, grateful, integrate, divide, individual, fence, defense, offend, portion, proper, property, reputation, restrict, loyal, royal, spot, terminal, alter, alternate, alternative, concrete, consequent, explode, explore, exploit, hesitate, imagine, influence, innocent, guilty, persuade, possess, sample, support, vital, burden, elect, select, collect, collective, contribute, distribute,
attribute, abuse, prejudice, avoid, escape, capture, compete, effort, enthusiasm, involve, evolve, imply, reply, multiply, issue, modify, occur, opponent, prefer, refer, publish, punish, rate, award, reward, shelter, skim, in spite of, temporary, vehicle, ancestor associate, refuse, confuse, describe, display, due to, error, essential, fresh, obvious, visible, invisible, previous, recall, relate, soil,
spoil, stimulate, suffer, tense, accompany, analyze, conflict, convenient, derive, deprive, thrive, dominate, element, gallery, interval, lock, lack, match, ideal, reality, ignore, ignorant, independent, inspire, motion, promote, remote, motive, numerous, relevant, retreat, straight, suicide, trick, weigh, tempt, attempt, contract, attract, candidate, commercial, communicate, contain, coordinate, respond,
correspond, emphasis, enclose, focus, instinct, investigate, invest, manner, mere, nerve, political, policy, reliable, resemble, assemble, shape, sophisticate, stain, strain, symbol, triumph, upright, vigorous, benefit, profit, characterize, circumstance, chain store, concentrate, delegate, diligent, dispute, estimate, factor, intentional, occupy, inject, reject, object, project, subject, scenery,
survive, revive, temper, vary, accelerate, behave, concern, continue, deny, distance, insure, invade, mature, mental, monitor, mysterious, neglect, purpose, raw, refresh, remove, restore, resort, scarcely, specific, target, alarm, approve, certify, certificate, frost, fund, genuine, intend, material, memory, primitive, propose, ruin, shadow, contrary, sufficient, accent, actually, adequate, anxious,
attach, awkward, budget, capture, channel, circulate, community, company, consent, cooperate, cultivate, depart, devote, dismiss, distant, enhance, eventually, fierce, manage, overnight, passion, passive, postpone, progress, pursue, react,
render, sense, treat, treaty, capacity, civilian, compel, contradiction, crack, curiosity, departure, devise, device, secure, accurate, depend, distinguish, plain, complain, explain, financial, hurt, injure, harm, destroy, ruin, instruct, construct, structure, isolate, labor, task, overlook, overcome, resist, insist, state, supreme, superior, volume, absorb, account, achieve, universal, convert,
reverse, apply, applicable, applicant, application, broad, board, cancel, casual, cancer, classify, comfort, submit, permit, emit, complex, conduct, constant, core, demand, command, comment, commend, mental, recommend, mention, design, signal, significant, protect, detect, point, appoint, appointment, disappoint, duration, durable, employ, excess, exceed, success, succeed, process, proceed, false, impose,
indicate, predict, opportunity, personal, pose, dispose, expose, suppose, oppose, compose, impose, deposit, poison, poverty, cautious, prove, improve, record, relieve, sincere, troop, upset, violent, welfare, abundant, advocate, affect, effect, effective, efficient, campaign, cause, commission, component, content, intention, crisis, critic, critical, destination, discard, discipline, anticipate,
participate, principal, principle, familiar, feature, feasible, indifferent, provide, recover, standard, thorough, morally, virtually, deal with, cope with, doubt, execute, density, corporation, currency, current, demonstrate, countless, discount , extraordinary, graduate, gradually, precious, precise, appreciate, reluctant, unwilling, sharp, shape, source, strength, length, supply, drop, endure,
evident, enormous, intensive, preference, produce, reflect, scale, semester, shift, talent, threat, typical, vain, volunteer, accomplish, analysis, assist, persist, insist, resist, consist, colony, confront, conventional, descend, donate, elementary, eliminate, frequent, incline, instant, merit, military, prevent, represent, restrain, academic, available, challenge, continent, elaborate, function,
generous, illustrate, measure, narrow, option, phenomenon, prohibit, panic, pretend, prompt, regulate, shrink, swallow, uniform, artificial, creature, determine, distinct, encounter, environment, fatigue
改错
首先要说的是：CET6每次改错要你指出错误的地方肯定有错，绝对不会没错，而且肯定在这行，不会到前面或者下面去！！
然后要说的是：从上次CET6改革来看，改错的判卷方法改变了。找出错误0。5分，改对错误0。5分
有错的一句话，最多10个英语单词，大家首先按词性来划分一次
名词错误的可能
（1）名词单复数
只有这1种可能，而且到现在的改错，我就记得就1次单复数没考，其他场次必考！
形容词错误的可能
（1）意思颠倒，要改成反义词
这个错错每次改错题目都有，所以看到错的句子有形容词，先上下文看看，有没有意思反了
（2）词性错误
2个形容词在一起，那肯定有一个是修饰另外一个的，所以要改成副词
介词错误的可能性
（1）固定短语的搭配问题，不如key to,answer to, be faced with等
这个错错每次改错题目都有，所以看到错的句子有介词，先看左右，有没有搭配错误
连词错误的可能性
（1）承上启下的错误
有时候，表示递进的，但题目中给出even if，所以要把if去掉；有时表原因的，但题目中是therefore，所以要改成because。。这样的错误也时常出现，但不是每次出现
（2）非限制性宾语从句只能由which引导，题目中很会用that来误倒
代词错误的可能性
（1）代词与先行词不一致
前面说了是单数，后面用了them，所以要改成it。 这类的错误也经常发生
动词错误的可能性 （大头！！）
（1）时态错误
明明文章在说过去的事情，但用了个is，所以要改成was
这个错错每次改错题目都有，所以看到错的句子有动词，先看上下，有没有时态问题
（2）主谓不一致
they was doing …… 这样的错误，找不出么，6级也别考了
（3）非谓语动词提前形式的错误
viewed……，they were doing…… 像这样的情况，viewed就要改成viewing
如果后面是it,前面是ing形式，也要注意的
（4）平行结构错误
前面连着2句都是to做什么，to做什么and do什么， 这时候就要在这个do前加to
如果是to doing，就要改成to do
以上这些错误在考试中占6-7分左右，大家可以一定要抓住，后面的分数就难拿了
另类错误
（1）易混淆的词
比如：His persistence was awarded when the car finally started
中间的awarded是错误的，应该改成rewarded
（2）从上下文来看，应该改动的词
一般发生在名词的身上！！ 比如前面说美国人吃饭的习惯，后面写了chinese，那就要改成American
（3）固定词组用错一个，造成意思完全改变
比如：It also takes rise to a blurring of the dis tinction between science and
technology 要把takes 改成 gives
这样的难点错误，解决方法是，能改则改，不能改确定哪个词错，骗2个0。5分
总的评注：做改错题一定要具有一双“慧眼”。重要的不是自己会运用一个语法点或知识点，而是能够识别出错误的用法，以审查的眼光去面对每一个改错题。这就需要掌握必要的答题步骤和技巧。
答题步骤：
1.一般来说，做题时千万不要拿起来就改。先花一、两分钟从头到尾通读全文，对文章大 致内容有所了解，做到心中有数。
2.然后把重点放在有错误项的标题号行，寻找较容易辩认的语法错误，如主谓不一致、 时态、语态使用错误、非谓语动词错误等等。
3.如果错行中不存在上述明显错误，则应查看是否有词语搭配错误，易混词错误、词性错误等等细节错误。
4.如果错行中既不存在语法错误，也不存在词汇错误，则从整体上查看上下文意思是否连贯，连接词是否使用正确，是否有逻辑混乱的现象，如否定句误用成肯定句造成句意不通等。注意：有时没有错项的行对改错很有帮助。
5.找到错误项之后，按要求形式进行改正、删去或增添，并设法找到一个正确项使句子在 语法、语义和逻辑上都成立
3．改错题的具体解题方法
现在我们来讨论改错题的具体解题方法。如前所述，改错题可以大致分为六个类型，所以我们的讨论也针对这六个题型来进行。
A．时态错误的发现与解决
我们来看2001年第79题：Immediately before him was
a…he put it into his collar，so that it falls across his shirt．此处的上下文明显地表现出过去时态的特征，因为在本行之前有明确的过去式was，那么如果was无错误，falls就必然是错的。然后根据题目可知was所在行无错误，所以falls应改为fell
由此我们可以看到，发现时态错误的关键是确定文章背景时态。句子的时态一般情况下应与文章的背景时态相一致，如不一致，则就会是错的，这就要求我们在通读文章时要留心。此外，就像这道题所反映的，有关的动词或者时间状语也是有用的。在解决的问题上，要注意同类时态的选择问题。譬如发现文章中的过去时态是错误的，而应当选用现在时态，则要注意是用一般时还是完成时。
需要注意的一点是，在利用时间状语或是有关动词来 _进行判断时，应该肯定该判断的依据是正确的，否则会导致错误。因此，背景时态是进行判断的最可靠的标准。
B．介词错误的发现与解决
首先来看介词本身用法错误的题型：A very flat piece of bread that looked，to him，very much as a napkin．在本题中，介词as是错误的，应用like取而代之。就这种题而言，准确掌握介词本身的意义是最根本的。As一般当做“作为”讲，而like的意义则是“像”。如果能精确地掌握它们的区别，那就会对题目的错误一目了然了。此外，有些介词有其习惯的用法，如2001年6月第75题，at the country就应改为in the country。对于这些习惯的用法，应多练多总结以利掌握。
然后是介词搭配。在所判断的行中有介词时。首先要考虑的就是该介词是否可以与其他的名词或动词构成固定搭配。如1996年6月第75题，because of its large student body consisting in many people…该题中in无疑是错误的，因为consist of是一个固定的搭配。对于此类题，熟悉有关的搭配本身就是解题的方法。
C．主谓一致的错误发现及解决
前面已经说过，主谓一致主要是数的一致。我们特别
要注意的是一些既定的语法规则，考试往往是比较侧重于考这些规则的。下面是有关规则的总结：
the majority作主语，谓动用第三人称单数。
the majority+复数名词作主语，则用复数。
the flock of+复数，谓动用单数。
表示价值，重量，长度，时间等名词，尽管是复数形式，谓动也用单数。
a number of+复数，谓动用复数；the number of+复数，则用单数。
neither…nor…连接两个并列主语时，以第二个名词为准。
more than one+复数名词，谓动为单数。
kind，form，type+of+名词，以kind，form，type的数为准。
a series／species／portion+of+名词，用单数。 many a+单数，谓动用单数。名词+and+名词表示一种概念时，用单数。
neither of+复数，谓动用单数。
从句做主语，谓动用单数。
an average(total)of+复数后用复数，the average(total)of+复数后用单数。
a body of+复数，谓动用单数。
这些规则只是其中常考的一部分，其他的还有待于大家进行总结。总之，熟练地掌握这些规则，应付主谓一致类的考题就会很容易了。
D．动词错误的发现与解决
我们首先来看2001年1月的第80题：But perhaps we should look at both sides of the coin before arriving hasty conclusions．本题中所考查的是短语动词。英语中有许多的短语动词，是很难从字面上判断其意义的。其中与介词构成短语的动词是最常见的。例如本题中的arrive，必须与at搭配成为短语动词之后才能与conclusion搭配。我们在分析题目的时候，发现有动宾搭配的时候，应该考虑该动词是否是一个短语动词，并进而分析构成该短语动词的介词有无遗漏。对于短语动词的熟悉是一个长期积累的过程，需要随时总结与记忆。以下是六级考试中常见到的短语动词：
account for, add up to, back up, break down, break away from, bleak out, break up, break in, break off, bring about, “bring up, bring out, bring down, build up, call off, call for, call on, carry out, check in, clear up, come off, come around, count on, cut down, cut off, do away with, dwell on, fall back on, fall out, get over, get out of, get at, give out, give up, give off, hang on, hold back, keep back from, keep up with, lay off, lay down, live up to, look into , look forward to, look over, make up, make out, pass away, put up with ,role out, run out of, set about, take over, take up, take in, take off, turn up, turn out, work out等。
还有一种常考的动词的用法就是语态。如2000年1月第79题：One is surely justitied in his concern for the money and resources that they are poured into the space exploration．在本题中，由于从句的主语they与pour的关系是主动的，因而不可以用被动语态。在所分析的文字中包含谓语动词，那么应该分析是否是这方面的问题。其中应该重点分析主语与谓语动词的关系是主动还是被动。
E．连接词错误的发现与解决
我们首先来看2000年6月的第73题：However．a second person thougt that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good manners．本题所考查的就是比较连接词的用法。从前文的more我们就可以看出，下文的as是不恰当的，正确的答案应是比较连接词than。一般来说，比较连接词所考查的重点集中在88与than的用法上。句意中是否还有比较意义是很容易辨别的，我们一旦觉察到句子有比较的意思，就应考虑是否是as与than的用法混淆。
此外定语从句的连接词也是要特别注意的。我们看 2000年6月的第74题：Instead，this other person told us a story，it he said was quite well known．在这里，句子的后半段很明显是一个非限制性的定语从句，所以应将it改为which。非限制性的定语从句的连接词在近几年的考试中反复出现，应该引起我们的重视。解决此类问题的方法是。凡是发现有复合句的分析对象，首先就要考虑从句的连接词。首先看是否有连接词，其次看连接词是否正确，尤其是which与 that的不同应用。
F．语言环境类错误的发现与解决
从历年的考题来看，语言环境类的错误是最有章可循的。这类错误一般是一行中的关键词与上下文所体现出来的意思完全相反。例如2000年6月第72题：A well—man． nered person…walks down a street he or she is constantly un-aware of others．本句的文意是一个有礼貌的人在街上走的时候是不会旁若无人的。而句中的unaware明显与句意是不符的。此类题的解决也较简单，那就是将不符合文意的词改为它的反义词即可。
改错练习中应注意的问题
A．首先要注意的是，在阅读和分析的时候，不要仅仅针对有错误的行进行分析。分析时不 要以行为单位，而应当以句子为单位。理由很简单，以行为单位进行分析容易使我们割断上下文之间的联系，导致分析的片面性。
B．在分析时态是否恰当时，应考虑整个文章的时态，根据上文句子的时态来判断下文句子的时态时，必须保证上文的时态正确，以免一错再错。
C．关于做题的时间的问题。改错的练习有一点特殊，那就是一定要在练习中养成检查的习惯，因为很多题目的判断是依赖对于文章背景的把握的。务必保证检查的时间。考虑到这个题型的特点，全部的做题时间要在15分钟左右，其中的5分钟左右应该是用来检查的。
D．在检查时，对于增、删的地方要再三斟酌。一般而言，考题中改的地方多，而单纯的增删是很少的，要注意句子的完整和通顺。
E．对于真题的总结问题。真题是一定要总结的。因为六级改错的考点是有限的，它不可避免的要重复出现。总结以往的考点就意味着对将来考题的预习。总结的方法也是简单的，你可以仅仅将考过的题摘录下来，注意经常熟悉就可以了。
简短回答题的具体解题方法分析
下面将针对具体的题型进行分析。
A．概括总结题型
这类题型主要包括主旨型题目和推断型题目，我们先来分析主旨型题目。
我们来看1997年1月的Sl题。这道题是典型的文章大意题，它提问的形式是What is the passage mainly about? 对于这类题，首先要将文章的大意所包含的要点归纳出来。通过读文章我们知道，文章的主要内容有以下几个方面：汽车被盗；盗车犯；赃车如何处置；破案情况；对盗车犯的惩罚；如何防盗。因此答案就必须概括到以上几个方面。显而易见，以上几个方面的综合就是很简单的一句话，那就是“美国汽车盗窃情况”，译成英文，就是，the car theft in the US。这样，答案就搞定了。有的同学在做题的时候不喜欢归纳各段的意思，仅凭对文章的整体印象作答，这样很容易导致答案的覆盖面不全。还有一类题是段落大意题，如 1998年6月的s4题。题目是这样的：Apart from personal preferences。what determines one’s choice of the media and media content?应付这类题，一个行之有效的方法是在段落中寻找关键句。就本题而言，段落的首句就点明了主旨．．．．quite a different sort of factor that affects your media experiences is the social context of exposure…而且该段的第三句也进一步使段落大意明显化：…that social context affects…the media and the media content to which you become exposed．所以，答案就应当是the social context of exposure。一般而言，对于段落够精确而影响分数。另外还需注意的一点是，段落大意题往往不直接用类似于文章大意题的方式提问，即用类似于 what…mainly about的形式提问，因此要注意题目的定性分析。如前例，很多同学不知道personal preference是对第三段所论述的因素的概括，没有读懂题意，所以给出的答案离题万里，这种情况是要避免的。
其次是推断性的题目。我们首先来看1999年1月的s2题。题目是这样的：
Many parents think that，instead of watching a lot of TV．their children should_____．本题需要综合一、二段内容作综合判断。一、二段讲很多家长抱怨孩子懒惰，只知道看电视或者依赖父母带他们去玩，而不知道自己想办法玩。可见，家长的意思是希望孩子自己想想应该怎么去玩。对这个意思加以概括，就是play with themselves。
这类题目常常是与文中某些人的观点有关的。解此类题目的关键就是根据提问，在文章中寻找与提问相关的部分并提炼其大意，根据所概括出来的内容进行推断。在推断的过程中要注意对题目要求把握的准确性，不要掺杂无关的内容。
B．细节类题目
我们也分几个部分进行分析。第一个部分是描述型题目。我们来看1999年1月的Sl题：According to many par-ents，without TV，their children would like them to ．本题是一道典型的描述性题目。文章的第一句话就说，很多家长担心如果没有电视，孩子们会不停地要求家长陪他们玩。答案是显而易见的，用英语表述出来，就是play with them。我们再来看1997年1月的s3题：How serious did the author predict the annual vehicle theft could be in the United States in 1989?文章的第二段最后一句话告诉我们，…exper ts predict annual vehicle thefts could exceed 2,000,000 by the end of the decade．也就是说到80年代末，美国每年将有200万辆以上的汽车被盗。所以本题的答案应该是it could exceed two million。描述类的细节题的答案，一般在文章中都可以找到，我们只需根据问题，在文中按图索骥，找到与提问相关的内容并加以概括就可以了。在对所找到的内容加以概括的时候，要注意两个问题：其一，文中有的意义的表达方式与题目中不同，如上例提问中的in 1989和文章中的by the end of the decade，要搞清楚它们所表达的是同一个含义。这种表达方式的互换在简短回答中是屡见不鲜的。其二，作为概括对象的内容中的一些关键词汇在答案中一定要体现出来。比如上例中的exceed，如果忽略了这个单词，那么答案的意义就与问题所要求的有很大的差距了。
接着我们来看因果关系型的细节题。此类细节题所考查的对象是文中的因果关系。提问多用why问句的形式，并且该问题的答案一般在文章中是可以直接找到的。我们先来看1998年6月的s2题：Why ale newspapers considered as an important medium according to the passage?文章的第一段第四句中写道：…with newspapers a close second．at least as a source of news and other information．在这句话中，直接谈到了newspaper的作用，即是重要的新闻和其他信息的来源。用英文表达就是because they are a source of news and information.再看1998年1月的S2题：Why was it easy for boats to tumble over in the Colorado?在文中有两处关键的话，即：…all of us naturally set aside any pretenses and put out backs into ever stroke to keep the boat from tumbling over，…working together to cope with the unpredictable twists and turns of the river．前一句话暗示出小船极易”tumble over”，后一句话表明河流有”the unpredictable twists and turns“，综合这两句话我们可以知道答案应为because of the wilder rapids。
解决因果关系类的细节题，要注意在文中出现的表示因果关系的词汇。通常表示原因的词汇有for that reason， for，as，because，since，as a result of，owing to，thanks to等，表示结果的词汇有as a result，therefore，consequently，thus， accordingly, so。在阅读时要特别注意这些词后面的内容，它们通常就会是因果关系类题所考查的内容。在答案的组织上，一般使用because开头的句子或because of开头的短语来回答。
然后我们来分析举例型的题目。下面请看1998年6月的S3题：For one reason or another，people’s exposure to the media is often_______．在审题时，应当注意题目中的“for one reason or another”，这表明要填的内容应当具有概括性，也就是各种原因导致的结果。文中第二段首句就突出了主题：There are various factors that can cause you to expose yourself to the media selectively，…然后指出原因：…is probably due to the psychological pressure…However，…but to other factors, such as…在做题时，应紧紧扣住selective这一点来组织答案，也就是说，在答案中一定要体现selective或者与其意思相同的语句。我们再举一个例子，1998年1月S4题：What caused the sharp conflict in the GM plant in the late 1970s?此题的答案需要从文中所举例子前后经过的描述中才能概括出来。文中用For example道出事情经过：For example，in the late 1970s a General Motor plant in Fremont． Calif，was the scene of constant warfare between labor and man-agement．Distrust ran so high that the labor contract was hundreds of pages of tricky legal temm．在这段叙述中，“distrust”是一个关键词。此外，上一段“the teamwork is the key to making dreams come true”也很重要，归纳答案时也应该考虑。经过概括，我们就可以得出答案：Distrust and lack of teamwork．
举例型题目，解决的关键是将文章中所列举的比较分散的与问题有关的语句加以概括。在解题时应该注意，所总结的答案的覆盖面一定要足够包容或者代表文章中与此有关的语句。
最后我们来分析对照型的题目。我们看1999年1月的S5题：Developing children’s self-confidence helps bring them up to be _______．此题答案在短文最后一句能直接找到：Giving children the opportunity to develop new resources．to enlarge their horizons and discover the pleasures of doing things on their own is，on the other hand, a way to help children develop a confident feeling about themselves as capable and interesting people．句中on the other hand表示对照，暗示出与前面相反的结果。答案可以总结为：capable and interesting people。
再看同一张卷子的S4题：When parents show constant disappointment in their children。the destructive effect is that the children will________．文中有关这个问题的表述为：
Such disappointment, however, is not only unjust, it is also destructive. Sensing their parent’s disappointment, children come to believe that they are, indeed, lacking something, and that this makes them less worthy of admiration and respect. 首先要注意 however这个词，通过它的转折我们可以知道其后面的destructive是一个关键词。然后在后一句中寻找解释为什么 destructive的语句，那就是make them less worthy of admiration and respect，从而，答案就可以总结为think themselves not worthy of admiration and respect。
这种题型的特点是，答案在文中是以与其他事物进行对比或比较的形式出现的。在解决它们的时候，要注意严格审题，切勿混淆了对比的两个方面。此外，对于一些表示对比和比较的词语要特别关注，例如however，nevertheless，in contrast。on the other hand，but，yet，while和likewise，in the same way ,as if ,as等等，在它们的附近往往可以找到答案的原材料。
简短回答的常见错误总结
六级的简短回答题有一些错误是具有共同性的，几乎所有考生所犯的错误都集中在这几种错误上。而这些错误，在六级考试关于这个题型的评分标准上都得到了反映。下面我们通过对评分标准的分析来举出简短回答题的一些常见错误。英语六级考试的每个题型都有其评分标准，但是简短回答题的评分标准有特别重要的意义，它几乎就是针对这一题型的具体的应试指导。首先让我们来了解一下评分标准：
a：本题要求读后回答5个所提的问题或补足不完整的句子。每题2分，共10分。
b：本题虽为简答题，但回答不全面者扣分。
c：有自相矛盾之处扣分。
d：照抄原文者扣分，照抄一句扣半分，照抄两句和二句以上零分。
e：答非所问者扣分。
f：答多者扣分。
g：正确的回答里有语法错误部分扣分。
h：回答多余部分如有语法错误的同样扣分。
以上的这些要求就反映了我们在考试中常见的错误，
下面我们来进一步分析：
首先，回答不全面是不行的。我在前边的题型分析中强调过某些题型应当保证答案的涵盖面，也就是说，符合题目要求的所有要点都要在答案中体现出来，特别要注意关键性的词汇不被忽略。为达到此目的，在内容比较多，如果用句子表达的话就容易答多的情况下，可以考虑用短语，特别是并列形式的短语作答。
第二，答案不能自相矛盾。这一点大家都很清楚。在作答完毕之后，要考虑所拟出的答案在逻辑上是否无懈可击，防止出现矛盾的现象。尤其注意答案中的形容词和副词不要与它们的反义形式或反义词相混淆。
第三，不能照抄原文。但要注意，答题时必须紧密结合文章，答案中的关键词句尽量用文章中的词句来回答，这就要求将合理的利用与照抄原文区分开来。一般情况下，答案的关键词汇用原文中的词汇是没有问题的。在作答的时候要胆大心细，除非有十足的把握，不要自己创造新的关键词汇，以求答案的可靠性。
第四，问什么，答什么。答案必须要有覆盖面，但是决不要为了追求答案的覆盖面就东拉西扯。在考试中这是丢分的一个重要原因。答案必须要完整，但是绝对不要答题目不要求的东西。
第五，答案要在规定的字数之内。这就要求，回答时要简短，能用单词的不用短语，能用短语的不用句子，防止拖沓。而且，越是简短的表达方式，犯语法错误和其他错误的可能性就越小。很多同学在答题时惟恐答得太简略会导致意思表述不清，或者由于总想把问题回答得圆满一些，或者由于习惯的原因总要采用完整的句式，这些想法在一定程度上都是有害的。因为简短回答题的字数限制使你有时候无法采用完整句，而只好用省略句或者短语。大家应该明白，简短回答，就是回答越短越好，在答案的长短上不要有太多的顾虑。简单明确的答案往往会更好地切中题意。反之，冗长拖沓的答案有时会使判卷的老师不明就里，导致失分。
第六，绝对禁止犯语法错误。简短回答题的答案不可能是复杂句，只会是简单句、短语，甚至有时候是一个单词。在这么简单的表达方式里还要犯语法错误简直是不可忍受的。在拟定答案之后，要对答案进行语法分析，保证其在语法上正确。尤其要注意的是时态，例如文意要求答案用过去时态的，不要写成现在或将来时态。也就是说，在时态上要和文章匹配。其次是主谓一致。另外，还有一些细节问题要注意，例如用句子回答问题时，首字母要大写的问题。这些问题看起来很细小，但是如果不注意的话，后果是严重的。以上所列举的诸种要求，都是我们在考试时要认真注意的。在平时的练习中严格地按照这些要求去做，慢慢地养成好的解题习惯，是在考试时避免上述问题的根本解决方法。
写作
四六级考前必看写作句型与过渡词语【开篇句】
1) With the rapid improvement in.../growing awareness of..., more and more.../sth....
(e.g. With the considerable improvement in building industry, more and more structures are being erected to set the people's minds at ease.)
2) Recently, sth./the problem of...has been brought to popular attention/ has become the focus of public concern. A
(e.g. Recently, the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.)
3) One of the universal issues we are faced with/that cause increasing concern is that...
(e.g. One of the universal issues that draw (cause) growing concern is whether it is wise of man to have invented the automobile.)
4) In the past few years, there has been a boom/sharp growth/decline in.. .
(e.g. In the past ten years, there has been a sharp decline in the number of species.)
5) Nowadays, more/most important/dangerous for our society is...
(e.g. Nowadays, most dangerous for our society is the tendency to take advantage of each other in political circles.)
6) According to the information given in the table/graph, we can find that...
7) As can be seen from the table/graph/figure, there is a marked increase /decline/favorable (an unfavorable) change in...
8) As we can see from the table/graph/figure above, drastic/considerable/ great changes have taken place in...over the period of time from...(年份)to...( 年份)
9) The table/graph shows that there is a(n) declining/increasing trend of ...from...(年份) to...(年份)
10) Anyone who takes a closer look at the data in the table/graph can be surprised to find that...
11) It is a traditional practice to...in our society.
(e.g. It is a traditional practice for young people to be financially dependent on their parents for anything like marriage and housing.)
12) It has long been considered only right and proper to...(in China.)
(e.g. It has long been considered only right and proper/perfectly justified for the old to assume full responsibility for the growth of the young.)
13) As things usually go against sb.'s will, his original intention was to...
(e.g. As things usually go against man's will, his original intention was to change the way people lived by inventing the internal combustion engine. Indeed, its birth has greatly enhanced their enjoyment of life, especially in traveling and transporting. But its dark side is presenting a growing worry to our society.)
14) The current situation of..., if approached from the opposite angle, reveals that...
(e.g. The current situation of our reforms is political structure, if approached from the opposite angle, reveals that much of the achievement is far from satisfactory. For example,...But...)
15) Everything about...seems (not) to be getting on smoothly/just as one wishes in...
(e.g. Everything about the economic reform seems to be getting on just as our government wishes in China.)
16) To sb.'s mind/In sb.'s eye(s), sth. seems/means...
(e.g. In the eyes of the public, official corruption means taking bribes,. ..But such corruption comes in many different forms.)
17) No one would deny that...
或：Everyone would agree that...
18) When it comes to...(sth.), most people (the public) maintain(s)/contend(s) that...
(e.g. When it comes to fake commodities, every consumer has much anger to pour upon them.)
19) Now it is widely believed that...
(e.g. Now it is widely believed that examinations are the best possible measure for the selection of the qualified.)
20) A public debate has arisen as to/over/concerning...
(e.g. A public debate has arisen as to whether one should step forward bravely in the event of crime.)
21) All that sth. has done for our society seems like a big step forward in the right/wrong direction, but it has also brought along with it a great worry /benefit to...(the average people.)
(sth.: cloning, the reform in managerial structures, etc.)
22) The birth/invention of...has made an enormous/essential difference to ...But it does not mean that...
(e.g. The birth of the computer has made a radical difference to the human progress. But it does not mean that this wonder does no threat to our society.)
23) Sth. has changed the way our society develops....But its bright side should not keep us from following closely its dark side.
(sth.: the genetic engineering, etc.)
24) Things about...are going on to our advantage, but a long cool look at ...reveals that...
(e.g. Things about the reform in state enterprises are not going on to the most workers' advantage....But a long cool look at this move reveals that it will produce some substantial benefits to our nation in a long run.)
25) No/Little doubt that...But...
(e.g.［There is］ Little doubt that the traditional schooling has contributed much to our social development....But some grave defects in it begin to stand out against the modern times.)
26) What does sth. mean?
27) How/Why does sth. affect our life?
28) What is it like to do...?
(e.g. What is it like to have lost all confidence in oneself?)
29) What would our society be like if there were no...?
(e.g. What would our society be like if there were no public morals?)
30) Should we put sth. above sth. else?
或：Should we attach as much weight to A as to B?
(e.g. Should we put intellectual development above moral education?)
31) Sth. is often referred to as/defined as...
(e.g. Corrupt officials are often referred to as the most dangerous borers in our government bodies, who are nibbling away the healthy organism of our party by dishonest means.)
32) (Doing) Sth. is just the same as.../is compared to.../is likened to.. ./is like...
(e.g. Life in the middle of marriage is often compared to wire walking, for in the early years spouses attract each other and in late years they need each other.)
33) Sth. is to...what sth. else is to...
(e.g. An individual human existence is to the human society what a river is to the ocean, small and busy rushing past rocks at first, but gradually growing wider and quieter until it becomes merged in the ocean in the end.)
34) To/For/With most people/sb., sth. is/means...
(e.g. To dishonest people, a friend means a target or an object that is of some use to them at present or in the future.)
35) Sth. is the symbol/mark/equivalent of.../is symbolic of.../is equivalent to...(e.g. If selling one's sex is the mark of degeneration, selling one's power is equivalent to committing crime.)
36) Suppose/Imagine that.../Let's suppose/assume/imagine (that)...
(e.g. Suppose, by any chance, you heartily disagree with anything that is going on about you, you are less likely to stay on the good side of people around you.)
37) We often find ourselves caught/involved in a dilemma whether...
(e.g. We often find ourselves caught in a dilemma whether we should reach for the bear's paw or for the shark's fin/whether to reach for...)
38) If/In case/In the event that..., it is better to.../a better course is to.../sb. has no choice/option/alternative but to.../all we want to know is how...
(e.g. In the event that you fall in a love river, all we want to know is how you will swim in it, as you are no longer a fisherman.)
39) Unfortunately, sth. may affect sb.'s life to the point where...
(e.g. Unfortunately, the desire to be well thought of affects one's life to the point where he is reluctant to say no to anyone else regarding anything.)
40) In our life, there often appears such an occasion when.../on which... (或it often happens that...)(e.g. In our daily life, there appears such an occasion when we drink success to our work in one field but, at the same time, begin to do great damage to other fields.)
41) “...” That is how one of the great minds/scientists/writers remarked on...(e.g. “Happiness, like an old friend, is inclined to drop in unexpectedly— when you're working hard on something else.” That is how a famous writer once remarked on happiness.)
42) One of the great sociologists/psychologists has said:“...”
(e.g. The great classical ballerina Anna Pavlova has said: “No one can arrive from being talented alone. God gives talent; work transforms talent into genius.” In other words ...)
43) “...” Such is the accurate exposition/exposure of...frequently over heard in public.
(e.g. “Public morals are declining day by day.” Such is the correct exposure of the dark side of our society.)
44) How often nowadays we hear such remarks/complaints/words as this “...” or “...”!
(e.g. How often nowadays we hear such complaints from officials as this “I have too many social engagements to carry out” or “I have too many social engagements to carry out” or “I have to bear too many titles for our society”! Don't be misled by the complaints of this kind!)
45) One of the great men once said that...
(e.g. A gifted American psychologist once said that it is an illusion to believe in the Sunday-school truth—more comfort, more happiness.)
46) Once in a newspaper/magazine, I hit upon the report that...
(e.g. Once in a newspaper, I hit upon the news that a quick witted policeman spotted a suspect's spittle in the street blotted it up and ran a DNA test on it which led to the man's arrest for a murder. This case best counts as a practical application of the DNA technique.)
47) One day, I happened to witness the incident as follows:...
(e.g. 略)
>>点击查看更多关于心得技巧的文章
